When and how to perform a transvaginal ovarian biopsy in a mare
Abstract
Transvaginal ovarian biopsy (TVOB) is a clinical tool to confirm the presence of an ovarian abnormality and additionally may be used in research to obtain serial ovarian samples to study physiologic functions without negative effects on mare health and fertility. Circumstances where the TVOB is useful as a clinical diagnostic or research tool include: discordant ovarian tumor biomarker results and clinical findings; biomarkers are elevated but it is unclear which ovary is abnormal or both ovaries are abnormal; or serial biopsies are desired. Details regarding how to perform the TVOB procedure are described and case examples included to illustrate its clinical application.
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