The future of theriogenology: advancing research, clinical innovation, and education

Ramanathan Kasimanickam; Divakar Ambrose; John Kastelic; Richard Hopper

doi:10.58292/CT.v18.13365

Ramanathan Kasimanickam Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1117-7867
Divakar Ambrose Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
John Kastelic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, AB, Canada
Richard Hopper 2254 Potomac Ct, Auburn, AL, USA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58292/CT.v18.13365

Keywords: Animal reproduction, reproductive biotechnology, veterinary education, One Health, ethics, assisted reproductive technologies, global outreach

Abstract

Theriogenology, the veterinary discipline focused on animal reproduction, is undergoing rapid transformation, driven by innovations in biotechnology, artificial intelligence and global health integration. This review explores the future of theriogenology through 4 key dimensions: research, teaching, outreach, and ethics. In research, cutting-edge technologies (e.g. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, gene editing, multiomics, and artificial intelligence-enhanced diagnostics) are reshaping fertility management, reproductive efficiency and species conservation. In education, immersive simulations, hybrid learning models and interdisciplinary curricula, are preparing future practitioners with technical skills and ethical frameworks needed for modern clinical and research environments. Outreach efforts are expanding the field’s impact, bringing reproductive technologies to underserved communities, supporting wildlife conservation, and contributing to ‘One Health’ initiatives. However, these advancements raise complex ethical and regulatory challenges, including concerns regarding genetic modification, equitable access and cross-border collaboration. Addressing these issues will require global cooperation, capacity-building and a commitment to responsible innovation. Theriogenology’s future lies not only in scientific progress but also in its ability to bridge disciplines and communities for the benefit of animals, ecosystems and society at large.

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