Addressing subfertility in stud dogs

Abstract

Addressing subfertility in dogs starts with identification and correction of causative factors. Fertility history may be incomplete, as owners may not present their dog to a theriogenologist until a problem is perceived, or may not attempt breeding until a male is several years old, in which case his fertility as a young dog is unknown. Components (motility, total sperm number, or specific morphological abnormalities) of the spermiogram that are affected, signalment of the dog, and breeding history may suggest where the problem originates. However, in over 50% of cases the underlying cause may not be known. In these cases, management of living conditions, overall health, and diet should be optimized in attempt to improve semen quality.