Orchitis and epididymitis

Abstract

Inflammation of the male testis and/or epididymis produces canine and feline 7 subfertility and infertility. Causative agents include bacteria, trauma, non-infectious 8 immune-mediated response, prostatitis, urinary tract infection, or an accompanying 9 endocrine disorder. Each possible etiology should be evaluated to both determine the 10 reason for the abnormal reproductive function and to justify its treatment.