Modified partial posthectomy surgery for chronic preputial prolapse in a Bos indicus bull
Keywords:
Beef bull, chronic preputial prolapse, preputial amputation, modifed posthectomy
Abstract
Preputial prolapses in bulls are frequently encountered by bovine reproductive practitioners and are common physical conditions impairing a bull’s ability to copulate. Marked chronicity or unsuccessful medical management warrant surgical correction. Preputial resection/circumcision (also known as ‘reefing procedure’) or preputial amputation are 2 well-documented procedures performed to restore penile function. It is widely believed that preputial resection is considered superior to amputation, as with the latter procedure, strictures and wound contracture stenosis are common reported sequelae. Therefore, surgery should aim at preserving tissue and resolving the prolapse without interference to complete penile extension. We adapted novel surgical features in a bull with a chronically prolapsed prepuce: an updated preputial amputation technique (i.e. modified posthectomy) and used a single-layer closure pattern with rapidly absorbable suture (not reported for bulls). There was total resolution and bull returned to service. This case illustrated that severe and chronically prolapsed prepuces can be successfully repaired using this updated modification of a historical technique.
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References
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29. Desrochers A, Jean G, Anderson D: Surgical management of preputial injuries in bulls: 51 cases (1986-1994). Can Vet J 1995;36:553–556.
30. Baxter GM, Allen D, Wallace CE: Breeding soundness of beef bulls after circumcision: 33 cases (1980-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;194:948–952.
31. Turner AS, McIlwraith CW, Hull BL: Techniques in Large Animal Surgery. 2nd edition, Philadelphia, PA; Lea & Febiger: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 1989.
32. Wolfe DF, Moll HD: Large Animal Urogenital Surgery. 2nd edition, Baltimore; Williams & Wilkins: 1999. p. 261–263.
33. Chu CC: 11 - Materials for absorbable and nonabsorbable surgical sutures. In: King MW, Gupta BS, Guidoin R: editors. Biotextiles as Medical Implants. Woodhead Publishing: 2013. p. 275–334.
34. Dart AJ, Dart CM: 6.636 - Suture material: conventional and stimuli responsive. In: Ducheyne P: editor. Comprehensive Biomaterials. Oxford; Elsevier: 2011. p. 573–587.
35. Wolfe DF: Restorative surgery of the prepuce. In: Hopper RM: editor. Bovine Reproduction. 2nd edition, Hoboken, NJ; Wiley-Blackwell, 2014. p. 142–154.
36. Lopes MA, Papa FO: Acrobustitis-phimosis in bulls: postoplasty technique performed with the animals in a standing position. Anim Reprod 2023;20:e20230047. doi: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0047
2. Memon M, Dawson L, Usenik E, et al: Preputial injuries in beef bulls: 172 cases (1980-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988;193: 481–485.
3. Parkinson TJ, McGowan M: Abnormalities affecting reproductive function of male animals. In: Noakes DE, Parkinson TJ, England GCW: editors. Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics. 10th edition, St. Louis, MO; WB Saunders: 2019. p. 635–668.
4. Anderson DE: Surgery of the prepuce and penis. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2008;24:245–251. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.02.002
5. Desrochers A, St-Jean G, Anderson DE: Surgical management of preputial injuries in bulls: 51 cases (1986-1994). Can Vet J 1995;36:553–556.
6. Ashdown R, Pearson H: Anatomical and experimental studies on eversion of the sheath and protrusion of the penis in the bull. Res Vet Sci 1973;15:13–24. doi: 10.1016/S0034-5288(18)33846-3
7. Lagos F, Fitzhugh Jr H: Factors influencing preputial prolapse in yearling bulls. J Anim Sci 1970;30:949–952. doi: 10.2527/jas1970.306949x
8. Koziol JH, Edmondson MA, Wolfe DF, et al: Successful resolution of a preputial prolapse in an alpaca using medical therapy. Can Vet J 2015;56:753–755.
9. Wolfe DF: Review: abnormalities of the bull – occurrence, diagnosis and treatment of abnormalities of the bull, including structural soundness. Animal 2018;12:s148–s157. doi: 10.1017/S1751731118000939
10. Prado TM, Dawson LJ, Schumacher J: Surgical procedures of the genital organs of bulls. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2016;32:701–725. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.009
11. Irons PC: Applied anatomy, pathophysiology and a revised scoring system of bull sheaths. Aust Vet J 2020;98:48–52. doi: 10.1111/avj.12900
12. Long SE, Hignett P, Lee R: Preputial eversion in the bull: relationship to penile movement. Vet Rec 1970;86:192–194. doi: 10.1136/vr.86.7.192
13. Hopper RM, Wolfe DF: Restorative surgery of the prepuce and penis. In: Hopper RM: editor. Bovine Reproduction. Ist edition, Hoboken, NJ; Wiley-Blackwell: 2021. p. 210–229.
14. Long SE, Rodríguez Dubra C: Incidence and relative clinical significance of preputial eversion in bulls. Vet Rec 1972;91:165–169. doi: 10.1136/vr.91.7.165
15. Bertram JD: Structural and behavioural characteristics of reproductive performance in tropically adapted bulls. Master of Rural Science thesis. University of New England: 1999.
16. Norman S, Bertram J, McGowan M: The poll gene and bull fertility. Proc Australian Cattle Veterinarians 2009;131–141.
17. Venter HA, Maree C: Factors affecting prolapse of the prepuce in bulls. J S Afr Vet Assoc 1978;49:309–311.
18. Long SE, Hignett PG: Preputial eversion in the bull. A comparative study of prepuces from bulls which evert and those which do not. Vet Rec 1970;86:161–164. doi: 10.1136/vr.86.6.161
19. Larsen LH, Bellenger CR: Surgery of the prolapsed prepuce in the bull; its complications and dangers. Aust Vet J 1971;47:349–357. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1971.tb09207.x
20. Wolfe D, Beckett S, Carson R, et al: Acquired conditions of the penis and prepuce. In: Large Animal Urogenital Surgery. 2nd edition, Baltimore, MD; Willians & Wilkens:1998;237–272.
21. Schumacher J, Vaughan JT: Surgery of the penis and prepuce. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1988;4:473–491. doi: 10.1016/S0749-0739(17)30624-7
22. Ashdown R: Functional, developmental and clinical anatomy of the bovine penis and prepuce. CABI Rev 2006;29:1–29. doi: 10.1079/PAVSNNR20061021
23. Seddighi R, Doherty TJ: Field sedation and anesthesia of ruminants. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2016;32:553–570. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.002
24. Hopper RM: Management of male reproductive tract injuries and disease. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2016;32:497–510. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.01.015
25. Jones R: Anaesthesia in cattle (II): regional and local analgesia. Bov Pract 1995;29:13–21. doi: 10.21423/bovine-vol1995no29p13-21
26. Sidelinger DR: Regional anesthesia for urogenital procedures. In: Hopper RM: editor. Bovine Reproduction. Ist edition, Hoboken, NJ; Wiley-Blackwell: 2021. p. 191–199.
27. Hendrickson DA, Baird AN: Turner and McIlwraith’s Techniques in Large Animal Surgery. 4th edition, Newark; Wiley: 2013. p. 235–272.
28. Palozzo A, Celani G, Guerri G, et al: Segmental posthetomy in a four stallions case series. Animals 2021;11:1145. doi: 10.3390/ani11041145
29. Desrochers A, Jean G, Anderson D: Surgical management of preputial injuries in bulls: 51 cases (1986-1994). Can Vet J 1995;36:553–556.
30. Baxter GM, Allen D, Wallace CE: Breeding soundness of beef bulls after circumcision: 33 cases (1980-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;194:948–952.
31. Turner AS, McIlwraith CW, Hull BL: Techniques in Large Animal Surgery. 2nd edition, Philadelphia, PA; Lea & Febiger: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 1989.
32. Wolfe DF, Moll HD: Large Animal Urogenital Surgery. 2nd edition, Baltimore; Williams & Wilkins: 1999. p. 261–263.
33. Chu CC: 11 - Materials for absorbable and nonabsorbable surgical sutures. In: King MW, Gupta BS, Guidoin R: editors. Biotextiles as Medical Implants. Woodhead Publishing: 2013. p. 275–334.
34. Dart AJ, Dart CM: 6.636 - Suture material: conventional and stimuli responsive. In: Ducheyne P: editor. Comprehensive Biomaterials. Oxford; Elsevier: 2011. p. 573–587.
35. Wolfe DF: Restorative surgery of the prepuce. In: Hopper RM: editor. Bovine Reproduction. 2nd edition, Hoboken, NJ; Wiley-Blackwell, 2014. p. 142–154.
36. Lopes MA, Papa FO: Acrobustitis-phimosis in bulls: postoplasty technique performed with the animals in a standing position. Anim Reprod 2023;20:e20230047. doi: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0047
Published
2024-05-06
How to Cite
Nevard R., Lopes M., Lehmann H., Quinn C., & MacDonald C. (2024). Modified partial posthectomy surgery for chronic preputial prolapse in a <em>Bos indicus</em> bull. Clinical Theriogenology, 16. https://doi.org/10.58292/CT.v16.10415
Section
Case Reports
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