Development And Validation Of Testicular Biopsy For Diagnosis Of Infertility In Camels (Camelus Dromedarius)

Abstract

Male camel infertility is a heterogeneous disorder. A variety of factors may adversely impact sperm production and function and impair fertility. Twenty-six male dromedaries (4–14 years old) were used in this study during the rutting season. Four sexually mature male camels were used to develop and validate a procedure for testicular biopsy in dromedary camels. No undesirable side effects in testicular function were apparent after use of an automatic biopsy gun. In 22 infertile male dromedaries, an algorithmic approach based on information collected during a careful history, clinical examination, testicular evaluation, testicular ultrasonography, the results of the semen analyses, and testicular biopsy was used to diagnose infertility. In diagnosis of male camel infertility, the results of testicular ultrasonography and testicular biopsy were correlated identically. Testicular biopsy is a promising method that, along with carefully performed history, appropriate testicular ultrasonography procedure and semen analysis, can afford the veterinarian the opportunity for more precise diagnosis and treatment of male dromedary infertility disorders.